Concrete construction.



F. H. HOWARD.

CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLIUATION FILED D130. 19, 1912.

Patented Sept. 2,1913.

3 SHE TSP-SHEET I,

INVENTOR {6 MrmRA/m,

F H. HOWARD.

CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION TILED DEC. 19, 1912 IN VE N TOR 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Patented Sept. 2, 1913.

F. H. HOWARD.

CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION APPLICATION FILED 0110.19, 1012,

Patented Sept. 2, 1913.

3 SHEETBSHBET 3.

0A INVENTOR I W H, B)

UNITED STATES PATENTOFFIUE.

FRANCIS H. HOWARD, 0F HOUSTON, TEXAS.

CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application nled December 19, 1912. Serial No. 737,626.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, FnANcIs ll. llowxno, a citizen of the United States, residing at Houston, in the county of Harris and State of Texas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Concrete Construction, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to new and useful improvements in concrete construction.

The object of the invention is to provide a system of constructing buildings such as dwelling houses and other buildings wherein the parts are formed of concrete, and comprehends also an improved method of assembling anduniting the different parts.

As is well-lmmvn, in the construction of concrete buildings the ordinary solid con crete block is now commonly used, and when used, the walls of the building when completed will be substantially of solid concrete, and will not only be unnecessarily ponderous, but Will also absorb moisture and keep the building damp.

The walls of a building constructed in accordance with the present invention will not only have no unnecessary weight, but will be formed double with an air space between the double walls, thus preventing the absorption of moisture and keeping the building dry. The parts of the wall and building are also secured together by means of si1nple and secure joints, which have been designed with the view of securing a strong structure, and at the same time one which may be easily. and cheaply constructed.

lVith the above and other objects in view, the invention has particular relation to certain novel features of construction. an example of which is given in this specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawing's wherein:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a portion of the wall of a building erected in accord ance with the present invention. F in 2 is a vertical sectional view of said wall taken on the line AA of F ig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view of the wall taken on the line B-B of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional View of said wall taken on the line c-o of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a. side elevation of one of the wall studdings. Fig. 6 is a sectional end View thereof. F ig. 7 is a sectional end view of one of the corner studdings. Fig. 8 is a side elevation of one of the wall plates or slabs. F ig. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view thereofa Fig. 10

Patented s0 e. 1913.

shows a :t' "agmentary view of the union of i an upper floor, of a building having more than one floor, with the walls of the buildmg.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings wherein, like numerals of reference designate similar parts in each of the figures, the numeral 1 designates a base formed of a timber of any suitable dimensions which is placed. in the excavation for the foundation, and which supports the studding 52, forming; the frame work of the structure. These studdingrs are placed at the desired distance apart of this base, and extend vertically therefrom. and are fixed in their position, relative to each other, by means of metallic rods 3. which extend therethrough. These rods have nuts l threaded thereon. which abut against the sides of the studding, and by turning said nuts the studding may be adjusted relative to each other on the rods, and the rods'are located near the upper and lower extremities of the studding, so that said extremities may be correspondiugly adjusted. When the studding has been placed in position the base 1 and the lower ends of the studdine are surrounded by a mass of concrete '5,:which is poured into the excavation in its plastic state, and the studding are then adjusted to their desired position and the concrete 5 allowed to harden, thus forming a solid base in which the lower ends of the studdings are embedded, and in which said studdings become firmly fixed.

Each side of each of the wall studdinejs has lengthwise extending grooves 6 near the outer and inner edges thereof, respectively. The inner sides of these grooves are abrupt,

and the outer sides thereof are sloping, as

width as may be found most practical, and

the ends thereof are shaped to conform to the shape of the grooves 6, in which said ends are designed to fit. In placing the slabs in position one end of the slab is first inserted in one of the grooves of the studding and the other end thereof is then brought into alinemcnt with the'correspondmg groove ofthe other studding, and the slab is thennioved' lengthwise until the last mentioned end is brought to rest in its correspondinggroove, and in position so that the space between the ends of the slabs and the bottom of their corresponding grooves form to the corners of the structure, and are provlded' with sultable grooves similarto the grooves .6, of the studding 2,'for the reception of the ends of the wall. slabs 7. YVhen the slabs 7 have been placed in position as above described, the space left between the endsv of the slabs and the bottom of the grooves are then filled with cement so as to form perfectv joints to hold the slabs in position. The space between the double walls thus formed is then filled with concrete 9 up to the" level of the ground When surface as shown in Figs. Zand 3. the wall has been built up to the floor line, a thick concrete slab 10 is then placed in position on the wall, which extends entirely therearound, and which spans the space between-the double wall ,and is shouldered down so as to extend down a distance between saidwalls, and the-inner edge of this slab extends inwardly beyond the inner side of the wall forming a ledge for the support of the floor-sills 11. This slab serves also as a base upon which the portions of the walls thereabove rest. Suitable window casings 12 may be secured between the studdings' at the places desired, and interlocked therewith as hereinbefore described, the bottom of each casing being formed of a thick concrete slab 13 of any desired length, which spans thewall and is shouldered down between the sides thereof, as in the case-of the slab 10. The abutting ends of the slabs 7 forming the upper tier are shouldered underneath, leaving a space- 14:, for the reception of the upper ends of the studding as shown in'Eig. 11, a cap slab 15, formed of concrete, and which spans the double "walls and is shouldered down between the side thereof in the same manner'as the slab 10,- extends entirely around the top, of the wall.

-Mounted upon this slab is a narrow doublewalhsec'tion 16, which is filled between with concrete 17, forming .a firmbase for the sill 18, which supports the joists and rafters, 19 and' 20.

. In case a building of morethan one story 'is'constructed, the upper floors are to be formed of concrete, and are united and made integral withthe concrete 17 in the manner shown ,in Fig. 12

grooves and shaped to conform to the shape 'of.said

' gaging therewith for The studding and slabs and other parts Whichspan the double wall of the structure should be composed of water-proofcement,

sothat a minimum amount of moisture will be absorbed by the walls, andjjthe building.

will thus be kept dry.

The studdings 2 and: 8 are reinforced by steel rods 22,v running lengthwise thereof,

and arranged at a suitable'distance apart,

and likewise the slabs 7 are reinforced" by steel rods 23, extending lengthwise thereof and arranged at a suitable distance apart andconneetedby cross-rods'24,

alsoformed of steel.

hen the wall has outer and inner sides thereof maybe coated with plaster 21 which will give the same a finished appearance, and, will render "the joints and seams' thereof invisible.

I What I'claim is:--' 1-. A construction of the character described, consisting of tip-right studding'arranged at a suitable distance apart, rods extending through the studdings and havingadjustable securing members thereon which abut against each studding on each. side and by means of which said studdings may be adj usted each slab interlooking with the studding, int-o position thereby.

and fixed in position relative to each other, and a double wall formed of slabs 2. A construction of the character def scribed, consisting of studding arranged at a suitable distance apart, rodsv extending through the studdings andhavingadjustable:

securing members thereon which abut against each studding on each s1de.and by means of which said studdings may be adand fixed in position relative to each justed I the sides of the studding facing each other, other,

wall slabs whose ends are grooves, the opposite ends of said slabs fitting into the corresponding grooves of said studding.

3. A construction of the character de-,

between said walls, said slab extending along thewall and the inner. edge thereof extending beyond the. inner side of said wall. 4. A construction of the character described, consistingof a concrete base, and reinforced concrete studding whose lower ends are embedded in said base, rods extending through the studdings and havingadjustable securing members thereon which abut.

having corresponding lengthwise of which interlocks with the studagainst each studding on each side and by means of which said studdings may be adjusted and fixed in position relative to each other, each side of each studding being provided with two lengthwise extending grooves spaced apart, the grooves of each studding being arranged in a corresponding position to the grooves of the facing side of the other studding, and wall slabs whose ends are shaped to conform to said grooves and it into the corresponding grooves of the studding so as to form a double wall.

5. A construction of the character described, consisting of a concrete base and concrete studding whose lower ends are embedded therein, a means engaging with the studding and upon which said studding are adjtistable, for fixing the position of the studding relative to each other, and wall slabs extending from one studding to another and spaced apart so as to form a double wall and Whose ends dovetail with the studding.

6. A construction of the character described, consisting of a concrete base and a concrete studding whose lower ends are embedded therein, a means engaging with the studding and upon which said studding are adjustable for fixing the position of the studding relative to each other, wall slabs extending from one studding to another and spaced apart so as to form a double wall and Whose ends are interlocked with said studding and a slab fixed in the wall and extendingtherearound, one of whose edges projects from the wall and forms a supporting'ledge, said slab being shouldered down so as to extend down between said walls.

7. A construct-ion of the character described, consisting of a concrete base and reinforced concrete studding whose lower ends are embedded in said base, said studding being spaced apart, metallic rods extending through the studding and having nuts threaded thereon which, abut against each studding on each side and by means of which said studding may be adjusted and fixed in posit-ion relative to each other, each side of each studding being provided with two lengthwise extending grooves, spaced apart, the grooves of each studd ng being arranged in a corresponding position to the grooves of the facing side of the other studding, Wall slabs Whose ends are shaped to conform with said grooves and fit into the corresponding grooves of the studding so as to form a double wall. the ..pace between the slabs which form the base of the wall being filled with concrete.

8. A construction of the character de scribed, consisting of a conm'cte base and concrete studding arranget'l at a suitable distance apart and whose lower ends are embedded in said base. rods extending through the studdings and having adjustable securing members thereon which abut against each studding on each side and by means of which said studdings may be adjusted and fixed in position relative to each other, the sides of the studding facing each other having corresponding lengthwise grooves, wall slabs whose ends are shaped to conform to the shape of said grooves, each slab being of such a length that when one end thereof is completely [it in its groove. the other end thereof may be iii-might into alincment with the correspmnling groove of the other studding, and the slab then moved lengthwise until the last mentioned end will engage in its corresponding groove. thus proyiding a space between the ends oi the slabs and the bottom oi the corresponding grooves. and a cement filler in said space in said grooves.

9. A construction of the character described, consisting of a concrete base, upright studding arranged at a suitable distance apart and whose lower ends are embedded in said base. rods extending through the studdings and having adjustable securing members thereon which abut against each studding one on each side and bymcans of which said studdings may be adjusted and fixed in position relative to each other. the said studding extending from the bottom to the top of the wall and the sides of the studding facing each other having corresponding lengthwise grooves and wall slabs whose ends are shaped to conform to the shape of said grooves. each slab being of a sufficient length to extend from one studding to the other and whose opposite ends fit into the corresponding grooves of said studding and interlock therewith.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

FRANCIS H. HOWARD. Witnesses J. W. WVoons, B. L. TAYLOR. 

